Grammar term · I'rab · i'rab
مَجْزُوم
majzum
Jussive state (jazm)
I'rab · i'rabI'rab statecore term1,438+ in the Qur'an
In one line
In the jussive state (jazm) — a present-tense verb after a jussive particle.
Classical definition
وَلِلْجَزْمِ عَلَامَتَانِ: السُّكُونُ وَالْحَذْفُ.
“Jazm has two markers: the sukun, and elision.”
(الآجرّومية)
Key words in the Arabic
عَلَامَتَانِtwo markers
الْحَذْفelision — dropping a letter
Understand it
Jazm is the verb's own state — nouns never take it, mirroring how verbs never take jarr. A short list of particles causes it: لَمْ (did not), لَا of prohibition, the lam of command, and the conditionals. The default mark is a sukun; weak-ending verbs drop their final letter instead (يَدْعُو → لَمْ يَدْعُ), and the five verbs drop their nun.
How to spot it
Recognition test
A sukun (or a dropped letter) on a present-tense verb after لم / لا الناهية / إنْ signals jazm.
Related terms