Arabic Sound Plurals — Masculine and Feminine
How to form and recognise the two standard plural types in the Quran
- Distinguish between the two types of Arabic plural — sound plural (جَمْع سَالِم) and broken plural (جَمْع تَكْسِير)
- Identify the two endings of the sound masculine plural: ـُونَ for rafa' and ـِينَ for nasab/jar
- Identify the two endings of the sound feminine plural: ـَاتٌ for rafa' and ـَاتٍ for nasab/jar
- Convert a singular noun to its sound masculine or sound feminine plural by applying the correct suffix
- Use sound plurals correctly in nominal sentences and descriptive phrases, matching all four properties
Video Lesson
Introduction
Having established the singular and dual in Part 1, this lesson completes the picture of number by examining the sound plurals. Arabic has two distinct types of plural: the sound plural (جَمْع سَالِم), which follows a predictable pattern, and the broken plural (جَمْع تَكْسِير), which does not. This lesson deals entirely with the sound plurals. Broken plurals are covered in Lesson 6.
The sound plural is so called because the shape of the singular word is preserved intact — only a suffix is added, with no internal restructuring of the word. Once a student recognises the four possible endings, they can immediately identify any sound plural in the Quran, even in a word they have never encountered before.
Lesson Notes
Two Types of Plural in Arabic
Arabic plural = either جَمْع سَالِم (sound: fixed endings) or جَمْع تَكْسِير (broken: no fixed endings). Sound plurals are further divided into: — جَمْع مُذَكَّر سَالِم (SMP): sound masculine plural — جَمْع مُؤَنَّث سَالِم (SFP): sound feminine plural
Sound Masculine Plural (جَمْع مُذَكَّر سَالِم)
The sound masculine plural has exactly two endings:
| Case | Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| رَفْع (rafa') | ـُونَ | مُسْلِمُونَ |
| نَصْب / جَرّ | ـِينَ | مُسْلِمِينَ |
To form the Sound Masculine Plural: 1. Take the singular base. 2. For rafa': place a damma on the last letter, then add وَنَ → ending: ـُونَ 3. For nasab/jar: place a kasra on the last letter, then add يْنَ → ending: ـِينَ Examples: مُؤْمِنٌ → مُؤْمِنُونَ / مُؤْمِنِينَ كَافِرٌ → كَافِرُونَ / كَافِرِينَ صَالِحٌ → صَالِحُونَ / صَالِحِينَ
The sound masculine plural is principally used for words referring to rational beings — human beings, angels, and jinn. It is not normally applied to objects. However, a few notable exceptions exist in the Quran:
- عَالَمُونَ / عَالَمِينَ — worlds/realms (as in رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ — Al-Faatihah, 1:2)
- سِنُونَ / سِنِينَ — years (singular: سَنَةٌ)
These exceptions should be noted and memorised as they arise.
Sound Feminine Plural (جَمْع مُؤَنَّث سَالِم)
The sound feminine plural also has two endings:
| Case | Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| رَفْع (rafa') | ـَاتٌ | مُسْلِمَاتٌ |
| نَصْب / جَرّ | ـَاتٍ | مُسْلِمَاتٍ |
To form the Sound Feminine Plural: 1. Take the singular base. 2. If the word ends in ta' marbuta (ة), remove it first. 3. Place a fatha on the last letter of the base. 4. For rafa': add اَتٌ → ending: ـَاتٌ 5. For nasab/jar: add اَتٍ → ending: ـَاتٍ Examples: مُسْلِمَةٌ → (remove ة) → مُسْلِمَاتٌ / مُسْلِمَاتٍ آيَةٌ → (remove ة) → آيَاتٌ / آيَاتٍ سَيَّارَةٌ → (remove ة) → سَيَّارَاتٌ / سَيَّارَاتٍ
Unlike the sound masculine plural, the sound feminine plural is used widely — not only for people, but for many objects, concepts, and Quranic vocabulary. When the definite article اَلـ is prefixed, the tanwin drops: اَلْمُسْلِمَاتُ (rafa'), اَلْمُسْلِمَاتِ (nasab/jar).
Sound Plurals in Nominal Sentences
The rules of the nominal sentence (جُمْلَة اِسْمِيَّة) remain unchanged when plurals are used. The subject (مُبْتَدَأ) must be definite and in rafa'; the predicate (خَبَر) must be indefinite and in rafa', matching in gender and number.
Examples:
- اَلْمُنَافِقُونَ كَاذِبُونَ — The hypocrites are liars.
- اَلْمُؤْمِنَاتُ صَادِقَاتٌ — The female believers are truthful.
- اَلْمُسْلِمُونَ صَالِحُونَ — The Muslims are pious.
Sound Plurals in Descriptive Phrases
In a descriptive phrase (مُرَكَّب تَوْصِيفِي), the adjective copies all four properties of the noun it describes. If the noun is in the sound masculine plural, the adjective takes the sound masculine plural ending:
- مُنَافِقُونَ كَاذِبُونَ — lying hypocrites (indefinite, masculine, plural, rafa')
- اَلْمُنَافِقُونَ الْكَاذِبُونَ — the lying hypocrites (definite, masculine, plural, rafa')
- اَلْمُؤْمِنَاتُ الصَّادِقَاتُ — the truthful female believers (definite, feminine, plural, rafa')
The case of the phrase changes according to the grammatical function of the noun in the sentence:
- رَفْع: جَاءَ مُعَلِّمُونَ حَكِيمُونَ — Wise teachers came.
- نَصْب: رَأَيْتُ مُعَلِّمِينَ حَكِيمِينَ — I saw wise teachers.
- جَرّ: سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى مُعَلِّمِينَ حَكِيمِينَ — I greeted wise teachers.
Summary
- Arabic plurals are of two types: sound (fixed endings) and broken (no fixed endings). This lesson covers only sound plurals; broken plurals are taught in Lesson 6.
- The sound masculine plural (SMP) has two endings: ـُونَ for rafa', and ـِينَ for nasab and jar. It is used mainly for rational beings, with a few Quranic exceptions such as عَالَمِينَ and سِنِينَ.
- The sound feminine plural (SFP) has two endings: ـَاتٌ for rafa', and ـَاتٍ for nasab and jar. It is used widely, including for objects and Quranic terms such as آيَاتٌ.
- To form either plural, return to the singular base. For words ending in ta' marbuta, remove it before adding the SFP suffix.
- In nominal sentences and descriptive phrases, the four properties — definiteness, gender, number, and case — must match between the parts, exactly as with singulars and duals.
- Completing the Muslim Table through all 18 forms — singular, dual, and plural, across three cases and two genders — gives students a complete and practical map of Arabic number.
Terminology Reference
| Arabic | Transliteration | Meaning | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| جَمْعٌ سَالِمٌ | jam` saalim | sound plural (follows a fixed pattern) | ISM |
| جَمْعُ مُذَكَّرٍ سَالِمٌ | jam` mudhakkar saalim | sound masculine plural (SMP) | ISM |
| جَمْعُ مُؤَنَّثٍ سَالِمٌ | jam` mu'annath saalim | sound feminine plural (SFP) | ISM |
| جَمْعُ تَكْسِيرٍ | jam` takseer | broken plural (no fixed pattern) | ISM |
| مُسْلِمُونَ | muslimuuna | Muslims (masculine plural, rafa') | ISM |
| مُسْلِمِينَ | muslimiina | Muslims (masculine plural, nasab/jar) | ISM |
| مُسْلِمَاتٌ | muslimaatun | Muslim women (feminine plural, rafa') | ISM |
| مُؤْمِنُونَ | mu'minuuna | male believers (sound masculine plural, rafa') | ISM |
| آيَاتٌ | aayaatun | verses / signs (sound feminine plural, rafa') | ISM |
| عَالَمِينَ | `aalamiina | worlds / realms of creation (notable SMP exception, jar) | ISM |
Linked Arabic terms open their full entry in the Arabic Grammar Glossary.
📖 Grammar glossary. Every grammar term in this lesson is defined in the Arabic Grammar Glossary — 193 vocalised terms, searchable in Arabic, any transliteration, or the English meaning.
Lesson Transcript
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0:00 As-salāmu ʿalaykum. Welcome to lesson 4 part 2. Alhamdulillah we have already looked at the singular and the dual in some detail in part 1 and not only that how are they used in nominal sentences and descriptive phrases. We're going to do the same thing with the standard plurals in Arabic.
0:21 So we're going to look at how they're used in descriptive phrases and in nominal sentences. Learning the singular, the duals and the standard plurals in Arabic will enable us to complete what we call the Muslim table. A pattern of 18 words from which if you learned it well inshallah you can take any word that conforms to the pattern and form 18 words yourself. So a key milestone will be achieved alhamdulillah at the end of this lesson. So let's begin with the blessed name of Allah. Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.
0:54 The duals have two possible endings. Plurals in Arabic are a little bit more detailed. We have two types of plurals in the entire Arabic language. Either the plural will be sālim sound or it will be broken. Now when we have the sound plural there are two subcategories. One is called masculine the other is called feminine. The masculine has only two standard endings. One is oona example muslimūna or it has the ending iina for example muslimīna. As far as the feminine ending is concerned we have again
two. One is ātun example muslimātun and the other is ātin muslimātin. So you can see here alhamdulillah two more endings that we need to learn and they are fixed for all sound masculine plurals and all sound feminine plurals. Broken plurals in Arabic are those words that do not follow the standard pattern and they're a little bit more detailed in study. Inshallah we are going to study them in detail in lesson number six. So for now inshallah let's focus on the sound masculine plurals. The plural aljam'ūr.
The plural in Arabic is called aljam'ūr and it is used for three or more and it is divided into two groups. One is called sound plurals jammu sālim and the other is called broken plurals jammu ttaksīr. Please just note these down for now. You don't have to memorise the terminology. I'm just giving you them for reference. Inshallah through practise you will get the terminology. So the sound plurals we're going to divide into two groups. One is called sound masculine plural and the other is sound feminine
plural. For short I'm going to call it SMP when I write it on the screen and SFP. So using these terminology will save us at the beginning having to memorise technical terms that we may or may not be familiar with. So the sound masculine plural and the sound feminine plural are the main categories or the standard way the plurals are made in Arabic. Broken plurals are those that don't follow the standard way. To convert a singular word to the sound masculine plural where applicable the following
steps need to be done. Firstly we go to the base form which is our singular as I mentioned earlier. To that we add at the end which is the last letter we add a dhamma. So our first step is to add a dhamma apesh on the last letter. Then we add the suffix which is the oona sound waw and the noon. The waw has sukoon and the noon has a fatha. So the ending that we are adding technically is the dhamma plus the waw plus the
noon and we end up with the sound muslimuna which is the rafa ending and that is the suffix that you need to put at the end of the singular to make it into sound masculine plural with the rafa ending. For the nasab and the jar again we go to the singular form and at the end we put on the last letter we put a kasra. So the first step is to put a kasra on the last letter.
4:28 Kasra or zer and we end up with the suffix which is ya and the noon. We add that suffix to it ya and the noon ya with sukoon and the noon with a fatha. So we end up with the sound ina so you can see here the kasra plus the ya and the noon and that is the ending that we need to add to make it into sound masculine plural nasab or jar ending. So again a reminder for you that this is the rafa and this
will be two nasab or it will be jar nasab or jar and this is for the rafa version. If you can remember that alhamdulillah that's all you need there's nothing more complex here to note. The ending is formed very easily just like we did the exercise with the dual. Illustrate with another example we have the word salihun which means a male pious person masculine pious person if you're referring to a human being it will be pious person. Una and ina ending I need to put at
the end. So all I'm doing is here salihuna and you can see here salihina. Very simple steps alhamdulillah salihuna salihina and we have our sound masculine plural. So again you can see here we crossed over what was there and for the rafa version we put dhamma and for the nasab or jar we put a kasra here and then we added the suffix and that's all we need to do with every sound masculine plural that you can see the rafa and the nasab and the jar versions.
So here is a task for you to do alhamdulillah we have now on the screen mu'min or mu'minun which is the rafa version of the singular kafirun disbeliever and mushrikun. I want you to make them into plurals for me please. Please do the steps I've shown you and get your own notebook ready and please complete this table for the rafa the nasab and the jar version. Please write it exactly in the order that I placed on the screen. I have done the first one for you.
Pause the video make sure you have completed the task before continuing. Let's do them together inshallah added practise. I hope again you have done them and you're just checking your answers. The first word is mu'min which means a believer again remember with the steps I put a dhamma on the or pesh on the last letter and I put the wow which is which has no vowel on it and we end up with mu'minuna and for the nasab and the jar version exactly the same. Put a
kasra on the last letter and we end up with mu'minina and of course the jar version will be identical mu'minina so mu'minuna mu'minina mu'minina. Next we have the word kafir to make that into plural kafiruna and again exactly the same principle put a kasra yeah and the noon and of course this is exactly the same but for practise we'll write both inshallah so kafiruna kafirina kafirina. Next we have the word mushrik again to form that we put the dhamma at the end which is pesh and
we end up with mushrikuna and for the nasab version we end up with mushrikina and for the jar version we end up with mushrikina. Again you can see alhamdulillah all of them follow the same pattern and it's very very easy just like you've learned with the dual if you practise a few of them inshallah the knowledge will remain with you forever. Please make sure you take every opportunity you can to repeat this exercise even with additional words. Once you've done this exercise just a few times
inshallah this knowledge will become permanent knowledge in your knowledge base inshallah. So take for example if I were to say to you the word mu'min please give me the sound masculine plural you will immediately say mu'minuna mu'minina mu'minina if I say to you kafir you'll say kafiruna kafirina kafirina if I say to you mushrik, mushrikuna, mushrikina, mushrikina and this is exactly the process you'll follow so let's for example practise another word that's not on the list if I say to you for example abid which means
worshipper you will say abiduna abidina abidina another word nasir which means helper nasirun in the plural will be nasiruna nasirina nasirina shakir shakirun make it plural shakiruna shakirina shakirina and that's how easy the steps are again no matter how many videos you watch how many books you read until you start writing them down you will not be able to retain the knowledge so please take this opportunity inshallah to practise for example qalam means pen we've had that word before I can't say pens is qalamuna qalamina
this doesn't is not used in Arabic so the sound masculine plural is mainly used for aqil if you mentioned this to you before anything that is referring to angels jinns or humans is called rational in the Arabic grammar and therefore it is usually reserved for singular masculine words that refer to angels jinns humans which can be converted to the una ina sound it is not used for non-rational generally but there are a few notable exceptions one word is qalamina qalamina again you'll find this of course
in surah al-fatiha okay alhamdulillah again this word of course is following the sound masculine plural these are the few rare ones that you will come across ardoona ardoona ardoona literally means the planet earth whereas qalam could mean worlds it could mean levels and planes of creation so there's a difference between that the other word is for the word year year as in the period of time 12 months and again its plural is sinuna sinina sinina again it is not follow it is following the ending that
we have with the sound masculine plurals so these are a few apart from that it is mainly reserved for aqil humans jinns and angels using sound masculine plural in nominal sentences we have practised already alhamdulillah how to form nominal sentences both for singular words as well as duals so you should be familiar with that the only thing you need to remember is that the the two parts the muqtada and the khabar the subject and the predicate they match or they should match in number the matching
of the number we've done with singular and dual using that knowledge and the vocabulary above please complete the following three sentences translate them into arabic the first one is the hypocrites are liars again we're talking about masculine plural the next one the believers are truthful and then third one the muslims are pious you should be able to do it inshallah remember the rules of the subject and the predicate please complete the task make sure you have written the answers in your notebook before continuing so the
first sentence that we need to translate is the hypocrites are liars now again the word for hypocrite of course the singular in the rafa will be munafiqun but we need to convert that to not only definite but also we need to convert it to plural so it munafiqun because it needs to be rafa and we put al in front to make it into definite so al munafiqun means the hypocrites in the rafa marfu state the khabar or the predicate now needs to be the word liar
liar also needs to be in sound masculine plural so the word for liar is kathib so we turn that into plural so al munafiqun kathibuna the hypocrites are liars next we have the believers are truthful so we have al mu'minuna the believers why al because needs to be definite why mu'minuna mu'min now needs to be plural sound masculine plural and in the rafa and truthful is you can see it on the screen inshallah sa diquna truthful so the believers are truthful next we have the muslims
are pious so again very easy i hope inshallah for now al muslimuna pious is salihun so it will become salihuna i hope inshallah these three examples will now show you the cumulative knowledge that you have acquired you've gone from step with a singular now you know how to make it definite from lesson number one alhamdulillah lesson number two and you also know the rules of the jumla ismiya from that lesson and you also know how to now make it into plural to match the gender between
the two parts of course you already know about the masculine and of course the feminine in the singular and the dual we'll look at the plural next inshallah so this is the basics of the three sentence translation i hope inshallah you've done the exercise and you're benefiting from these examples using sound masculine plural in descriptive phrases to save time i'm not going to give too many examples inshallah in the book and other places there will be more references otherwise the video will be way too long
but here i've got four or descriptive phrases that i'd like you to translate from english to arabic again please if you've forgotten the rules related to descriptive phrases please refer to the previous lesson and if you made some notes or have the textbook in front of you can use that otherwise inshallah with your own notes you should be fine so the first one is lying hypocrites again that needs to be plural yeah the s at the end will give you that hint and then the lying
hypocrites i hope you can note the difference between the two lying hypocrites and the lying hypocrites and then we have the truthful believers the truthful believers please make a note of that and then we have pious muslims no the there at all so we are looking for four descriptive phrases based upon the rules that i've already explained many many times to you including that many examples of singular and dual now you need to do the plurals by yourself please complete the task make sure you have
written the answers in your notebook before continuing alhamdulillah on the screen now you can see the answers to the task i asked you to do earlier i hope inshallah you have done them and you can see on the screen very very clearly what is going on i will give you some brief explanation but i hope and pray that you have been able to do so please do give me feedback if you're not finding this difficult or impossible or it's easy whatever inshallah i will know how
much in depth to go through go through in future lessons all your feedback is positive alhamdulillah to me at least this is the learning experience for me also because i'm not directly dealing with you i do not know whether you're benefiting uh from the way i'm doing it but i will welcome your criticisms support anything that you can throw that will help to improve the lessons inshallah anyhow we have the the phrase here in english lying hypocrites so this is the noun that's been described and
has been described by this word lying so we need to put this one first it needs to be masculine it needs to be plural and therefore we have here indefinite because this phrase is indefinite we have masculine we have plural and we have rafa therefore the noun that is following the ism that is following should copy all the four properties and you can see that is being done masculine plural and in rafa of course if it was nasab this will be nasab if it was jar
this will be jar as far as the descriptive phrase is concerned it doesn't care it will just copy the description will just copy whatever the arab happens to be of the noun being described then we have the lying hypocrites which is exactly identical to the one above but it is definite so i need to put al so i hope inshallah this is not difficult for you so the two parts of al both are definite both are masculine both are plurals and both are rafa i hope
inshallah this is easy then we have the truthful believers so the word believers now is the noun being described in english as you know the hint is it always comes at the end so we need to put that first it is the so it needs to be definite also so definite masculine plural rafa and therefore so we have now here gone to the plural version by adding the una at the end so do definite masculine plural and rafa the last one pious muslims both indefinite so
again you can see here very clearly that this is indefinite masculine plural because the una ending and it is rafa indefinite masculine plural and in rafa so the four properties now alhamdulillah you can easily recognise of these words and only knowing the four properties would you be able to form the jumla ismiya or the muraqab tausifi just like i showed you in the other examples before and i'm showing you now without being able to recognise the four properties you would not be able to translate this
text correctly sound feminine plurals for the sound feminine plural we have two ending also so example and we have so now inshallah when you read quran or if you see you listen to quran if see if you can hear these sounds at the ends of the words inshallah this will be a good exercise for you to do and of course it will reinforce what we are learning in the lessons to form the sound feminine plural we go back to the base which is the singular word
and we add to it so the base of this word is muslim and we simply add a fatha to the end of it fatha or zabr so we have muslima and then we add our alif and we add our ta so this alif is the elongation of the sound so we end up with muslima again please note this is technically the suffix that you need so atun at the end of the word and this is your rafa version this is your marfu rafa version so please
note to note that inshallah they're simple steps i hope inshallah this is very easy for you for the nasab and dajjar version and again exactly the same thing we will put a fatha or zabr on the last letter once we've done that we will add exactly the same ending but this time with tin sound so we end up with muslima tin muslima tin i hope you can see that inshallah very easily that it is muslima tin and this is the suffix that we are adding the
fatha followed by the alif and followed by the open ta this is called the open ta with two kasras at the end and that gives us muslima tin as the sound feminine plural for our nasab or our jar version it is used for both so nasab or jar version both of them have the same ending just like we've seen with the dual and the sound masculine plurals so on the screen now we can see the two endings and those two steps do feel free to make
your own notes inshallah but that's all the notes you're going to need performing the atun and the atin ending again simple you always go back to the base form and you add your fatha and the two endings that are there of course by now alhamdulillah i hope you've not noted this already i don't need to repeat when you have thanween at the end if i were to add al in front that would become single dhamma and that would become a single kasra i hope inshallah this
bit i don't need to repeat again so you've got that there as a basic rule and when you see this ending you know that this is the sound feminine plural ending so here's the task now brothers and sisters i would like you to complete the sound feminine form plural for the words that you have listed here some of them we've come across before some of them we haven't come across before so salihatun we have munafiqatun ayatun sayaratun and al mu'minatu al mu'minatu of course means the
female believer this one is al in front just as a hint for you so that you be careful and ayatun of course means an ayah of quran or a sign miracle that kind of the all the other words inshallah i'm hoping you will be familiar with and sayaratun means a car so i'm looking for cars cars okay please pause the video complete the tasks before continuing i hope and pray my plea my request my dua asking you to do the exercises you are actually doing because
this is the only way you will learn inshallah but i'm going to go through them with you for this particular one i want to highlight a few little points inshallah which will help you reinforce what i've already said so again we need to make this into sound feminine plural so again we end up with the base form salih and we put the atun at the end i hope inshallah this you can easily recall and the same problem same thing we do for the nasab version the
jar version will be exactly identical next for the word hypocrite munafiqatun we need to have the plural version so exactly the same and at the end we put the a and the alif and the ta again you can see the plural version munafiqatun and the nasab version munafiqatin and the jar version is identical so i'll copy and paste to save time the next word is ayah or ayatun now ayatun is singular ayatun is singular we need to make it plural please note this word is name
of something so it does not have a masculine version so its base form is exactly the same but we do need to remove the tamar buta at the end so we remove the tamar buta at the end and we apply the fatha and the alif and the open ta so we end up with ayatun ayatun please make a note what i've done here the tamar buta is removed and then we add the suffix of course for the nasab version we will say ayatun and the jar
version will be identical so to save time i will copy and paste now if you recall when i said the sound masculine plurals we will will have for example it will have a una and inna ending and it is reserved mainly for aqil rational so human beings jinns and angels just like the tamar buta we've seen earlier is used very widely in arabic so is the sound feminine plural it is used very widely in arabic so you'll see it in many many words not necessarily always
it will be masculine sorry it'll be uh humans jinns or angels it could be across everything so there's no such rules with ayatun and atin and that's that's that's why we have the word car which is one car so if i wanted to say i've got three or more cars suddenly so i've got three or more cars and then we put here and again for the nasab version it will be and for the jar version exactly the same so i hope you can see here now
inshallah how we make sound feminine plural and you can do this again please note where applicable not every word will go into this it depends on certain rules in the arabic language for now we will note whether it has a sound plural and of course for us the job is very easy all we need to do is recognise them in the quran as sound feminine plurals and translate back or we don't have to produce the word so that job alhamdulillah becomes easy the last one i
hope you can recognise of course it's feminine but i want the plural version but it has an al in front so again let's go through the steps again so we go back to but i will get rid of the tun at the end and i put a two why because i've got al in front so that's basically the thing that you needed to remember here exactly the same of course we will do here also but because of al i have a singular single uh vowel sign
there and i'll just copy and paste to save time alhamdulillah now you can see here variations of words we've done one two three four five and alhamdulillah if you just practise these and of course any other word you come more importantly for you now when you read quran is to open up and see if you can start recognising sound masculine plurals of course you should already be recognising single as the feminine words inshallah from what i've already shared with you but now you can recognise sound
masculine plural sound feminine plural and of course remember the three tips i gave you if it has tamar buta at the end it is an ism if it has al in front it is an ism so you see a bulk of the words now which are isms you can recognise because you can see al you can see tamar buta at the end and of course now or you can see now you know it is an ism so more signs of isms are coming out for you
i hope inshallah you're finding these exercises of benefit so take a screenshot if you have to i've rewritten it down for you with the endings in the colour so at least inshallah appreciate the suffixes we've added to get our sound feminine plural again please please do pay attention on actually writing them down allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has created the human brain and allah tells us in the quran that he has taught man by the use of pen and you and i will not learn anything unless
we start using our pen so as much as the videos are there of benefit alhamdulillah and may allah bless you for your positive feedback and your comments and suggestions etc but until you start writing knowledge will not fully enter into your heart and mind i don't need to give you any scientific proof all i'm telling you allah says in the quran that the one who taught by the use of pen so that's all we need we don't need any scientists to tell us what to do
allah has said it in the quran so it is true we will use our pen so get yourself a notebook and start practising inshallah using sound feminine plurals in nominal sentences another similar task to what we've done many times what i would like you to do inshallah is now to translate the english sentences into arabic sentences following the rules which i've repeated so many times inshallah the vocabulary you need is above please take your time and go through the steps the process please complete the task
make sure you have written the answers in your notebook before continuing let's go through the answers inshallah i hope these steps are very easy first we need the subject to be definite so it'll be all and it needs to be plural because of the english text of the hypocrites are liars s lies for plural and of course it needs to be feminine so we end up with again we remove the tune and we end up with two and that is our subject definite feminine plural and
in the rafa the predicate will be which is which is our base again we need to add the ah soon at the end to make it rougher and feminine and plural etc and indefinite because it has no al so this is now fulfilling all the condition of our nominal sentences next we need to translate the believers are truthful of course it needs to be feminine so it will be will become because of the al and truthful will be which is our base but it will be
again it will be because it needs to be indefinite and there's no all so the female believers are truthful the female muslims are pious will be and then we need to say i hope inshallah these exercises are now reinforcing all the steps and all the changes and all the little bits and pieces that we need to learn and you're not you're not finding this very daunting and it's inshallah reinforcing what you have learned i hope and pray you've done the exercises using sound feminine plurals in
descriptive phrases next we have four descriptive phrases please translate them into arabic the vocabulary you need is above and of course from the english you can tell that is all feminine i put f at the end of it to indicate that and it needs to be in plural so please do the tasks pause the video take your time complete the tasks before continuing on the screen i have written the answers for you please compare now the english and the arabic and also of course with what
you've written in your notes inshallah i hope it's all now becoming easier and easier again the first one is indefinite and hence we don't have any so the noun being described is this one so that will come first then second one is definite so we need to the so we need to put in front if you read it together of course you will go from here i hope this is inshallah no brainer for you then we have here the truthful believers so first so again reading
it together you go straight here because this is a shamsi letter the truthful believers and lastly we have pious muslims muslims will come first feminine and plural we have pious muslims so i hope and pray inshallah these exercises are now reinforcing all that we have learned in not only this lesson but cumulative from lesson number one two three and four and that is the use of the sound feminine plural in and now you can see it in descriptive phrases in the three different arab the descriptive
phrases we have used so far have mainly been in the arab of rafa marfor status now the arab can be any and to illustrate this we will use the famous sentences we've been using throughout the course inshallah i'm hoping by now you're familiar with it so we have now three english sentences on the screen a wise teacher came i hope inshallah a wise teacher of course is a simple descriptive phrase teacher been muallim and wise hakeem so if i wanted to say a wise teacher came
the teacher would be coming first and wise would come after the teacher would be in the arab of rafa why because it is the doer of the sentence who came a wise teacher came so the the text would be a wise teacher came now instead if i wanted to say i saw a wise teacher now the wise teacher or the wise teacher which is the phrase itself is actually going to be in mansub or nasab arab why because it is the object of seeing i saw
who saw i saw so it will be now i saw a wise teacher it will be mualliman mualliman hakeeman i hope inshallah this is easy for you the last one i gave salam i greeted i gave salam to a wise teacher again the word wise here uh would come after the word teacher the teacher is muallim but because it's coming after ala it will be muallimin hakeemin i hope inshallah all these examples are easy for you now so the arab can be any the of the
mausuf the noun been described the description the adjective will always copy the four properties so the description itself or the adjective does not really have its own arab is literally copying it from the noun being described and this is something inshallah you will see many in other places as but with the descriptive phrase all i'm doing is copying all the properties this is rafa so this is going to be also rafa this is nasab so this will be nasab this is jar so this will be
jar now again the rest is easy inshallah both indefinite both masculine and both singular so all the properties are matching now what i would like you to do is to now translate the next sentence two wise teachers came i saw two wise teachers i gave salam to two wise teachers so instead of singular now we need dual pause the video complete the task before continuing let's now go through the answers now jaa came who came two teachers teachers is one teacher is muallimun and the two
teachers are muallimani or muallimayni which one will it be it will be rafa it needs to be because it is the doer of the sentence so jaa muallimani hakeemani again you can see the four properties now i want to say i saw i saw two wise teachers so now of course the two teachers will come first but its arab will be mansub so it will be all the other properties are matching you can now tell they're both dual they're both indefinite both both masculine both dual
and both now in the mansub status now of course we know that the arab can be nasab or jar if it's maini but in number two example we will say it is mansub why because it is the object of the verb i saw so even though they both share for mansub and majroor we can easily tell that this is mansub why because it is coming as the object third one will exactly be the same muallimayni hakeemayni it will be jar why because it is coming after
ala ala will force the ism after to be majroor in the arab of majroor or arab of jar because it is one of those particles that does it inshallah we'll be studying them in detail in lesson number eight and lesson number nine but for now note that inshallah the four properties are exactly matching i hope inshallah you've done the exercise and you found it of benefit now i would like you to do the plurals now see if you can do plurals of course it is masculine
and plural y wise teachers the s at the end inshallah will make that so complete the three sentences translating the english to arabic pause the video take your time make sure you have completed the three sentences before continuing so the answers are jaa teachers plural marfoor in the arab rafa what will what will we have muallimuna hakeemuna wise teachers i saw wise teachers a group three or more how will i write that raaytu muallimina hakeemina remember the una eena so this is nasab wise nasab because
it's coming up the object and the next one of course will be majroor and nasab and jar is exactly the same for the masculine uh plural and for the dual at all times they're both the same so we've covered this on detail inshallah if you got this right you are doing very very well if you made a mistake alhamdulillah don't worry it is a learning opportunity go back and do the exercise again and of course you can change it for other things for example a wise
man a clever boy you can use noble sheikh whatever vocabulary i've given you already just use those inshallah don't worry at this stage about acquiring lots of vocabulary learn how to use them then you can be flexible inshallah and make many sentences as you need to use in the structures i've given you and as i said before many times the more you practise the easier this will become another three sets of verbal sentences for you to complete in order to illustrate the three different arab of
wise teacher this time it will be feminine so you can tell that inshallah and also in order to use the feminine doer we have to change the verb to jaat i've shown you this earlier so i've done that for you the rest of it you need to complete inshallah so please do the single in this column dual here and the plural in the third use your own notebook do take the advantage of rewriting the whole arabic out again every time you write arabic inshallah this will
improve your understanding pause the video complete the task before continuing a wise teacher came female wise teacher muallimatun hakimatun i saw a wise teacher muallimatan hakimatan i gave salam to a wise teacher muallimatin hakimatin again inshallah exactly the same as the masculine except that we had to convert it to feminine the dual will be jaat muallimatani hakimatani and raaytu muallimatani hakimatani and again salam to ala muallimatani hakimatani again no problems inshallah exactly the same principle as before jaat muallimatun hakimatun raaytu muallimatin hakimatin salam to ala
muallimatin hakimatin exactly the same as we've done before you can now see alhamdulillah the arab in three different arab for the singular dual and the plural in this simple example inshallah so please do take advantage of rewriting them out and inshallah practising of course you can use other sets of words other sets of descriptive phrases for example wise lady noble lady anything of that nature you can use clever girl any that can be converted inshallah and you should be able to go through these examples inshallah
alhamdulillah this is the end of part two video we have got an overview of the topic of number we know that singulars do not have any fixed ending dual always easy to recognise alhamdulillah because there are only two possible ending ani and ayni with the plurals there are two types sound plurals which we've looked at and they have one version which is the masculine ending with una or ina and we have the feminine ending with atun or atin that's it for the sound plurals and there
is no other endings except for the broken plurals which are very common in arabic inshallah we'll be dealing with them in a separate lesson so this is all you need to know about the subject of number of course all that i've showed you about gender definiteness number you're going to forget everything unless you practise so please do take advantage of all the opportunities i'm giving you with the notes that i'm sharing with you everything inshallah to do as much practise as you can and i hope
and pray inshallah that you are seeing these lessons of benefit especially the order in which i'm doing them they're designed in a way to give you the maximum input in the shortest amount of time so this will take you now alhamdulillah by the end of lesson four we would have completed an understanding of the property of number that will give us an overview of the whole four properties and inshallah of course the rest of the lessons will continue to develop in the third part of the
video i'm going to show you how that knowledge of number and of course masculine feminine can be used to produce 18 different words following the muslim table pattern may allah reward you with the very best in this world and in the hereafter for your good intentions for learning arabic to understand quran may allah make it easy for all of us to learn to read quran to understand quran to live according to the book of allah and teach the message of quran and share it with humanity
until the next video assalamu alaikum
Test Yourself
After every lesson it is essential to test what you have learnt. Take the quiz, then check your understanding against the model answers provided.