Al-Muḍāri' in the Verbal Sentence

0:00 As-salāmu ʿalaykum. Welcome to our sixth lesson part b. In the first part alhamdulillah we looked at some detail into the imperfect verb al-mudārah and action that is not yet complete. We looked at its various conjugation for form one, all the three possibilities and we looked at each example in some detail. We have already previously seen the map of the jumla fi'aliyah. I'll take a quick overview in this lesson and I'll give you a few examples with al-mudārah just to show you that there is no difference

between māḍi or mudārah as far as the verbal rules are concerned. The doer, the object etc are following the same and the same principle attached pronouns coming as object is also the case with the mudārah as it is with al-māḍi. So these are the basic principles, the tools necessary for you to begin to recognise them, to use them, to translate them correctly and it is a very fundamental lesson in Arabic. Grammar is usually a place where most people get stuck and that is the reason why

I'm actually spending a bit more time on the mudārah, giving you all the variations for our benefit inshallah ta'ala. So let us begin by making du'a Oh my lord increase me in knowledge asking the help of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala to make our task easy for us. As a quick reminder the scale of the mudārah is as shown on the screen where you see the ya here as the first sign of the or the harf of mudārah which you'll see here ya and it can be

ta, hamza or nun and then we have the first root letter which in this case takes the sukoon, the second root letter can take dhamma, fatha or kasra and the third root letter taking a so these are pointing to the first root, second root and the third root and this is the principle all the way through. Every mudārah verb will have the sign or the harf of a mudārah which at the beginning and then of course there are three different various scales that with this can

go into the first being this with the fatha and the second is kasra and the third is dhamma so let's mudārah is yaftahu, dhahaba, yadhahabu, dhahaba, yadhahabu, then we have yadribu and then we have yadlimu of course there are only few examples on the screen and there are hundreds of verbs which will follow these scales and then we have the third scale yansuru and then we have yakrumu the translations are on the top there inshallah ta'ala so only three possibility fatha, kasra, dhamma so these are

the three options that there are and we've conjugated at least one for all for the three examples and if you learn one of them very well you'll get the rest for free what i mean by that is learn one very well and inshallah you'll be able to recognise any verb that falls into those 14 different variations of the same scale so inshallah ta'ala that is the bit that we did and i did emphasise you to practise rewrite them out without writing they will not stick in

your knowledge base so spend a little bit of time inshallah rather than just watching the video pause it and write the 14 different variations or sigha for each of the three examples i gave you inshallah ta'ala you will thank me for it later but throughout your life in every arabic study that you're going to do this is going to benefit you inshallah ta'ala so the 14 variations are here with the example of that verb he went he goes and you can see etc so this should

be easy for you i've also explained what i've written in faint if you can see on the board on the screen here inshallah ta'ala who the doer is etc now the same is the case with the other you notice there's no difference exactly the same that variation being in the second root letter and of course with the answer we have exactly the same principle so the principle is that all verbs will go into these that go into these scales will follow exactly the same pattern the

difference will be the three root letters and that's what i've tried to emphasise here for you of course this on the screen you can see it written in the table form as well as vertically down when you want to compare verbs one with the other writing the verb vertically down you can see the three and inshallah notice the variations very very easily i've also used some colours just to distinguish what they are i am going to reveal what they are to you in some more detail

later on but let's learn them first inshallah ta'ala these colours or if you do your own colours it doesn't really matter as long as you can vary them then inshallah ta'ala the knowledge will stick and when it comes to more advanced you'll be able to tell me a lot more detail than just memorising them on their own also within the 14th scale you'll notice there are some patterns for example we look at the first one yathabu yathabu again i'm using the haba version that's the one

we did in detail in the first but this applies to all of them so yathabu tathabu number four and then we have tathabu for number seven and then we have azhabu for number 13 and nathabu for number 14 again the doer is identified underneath in faint just to show you what they are now the plural is very easy to remember yathabuna or home version so you can see that inshallah if you use the pronouns this will help you recall and remember them now as for the

plural which are feminine yathabuna yathabuna there's an abrupt sukoon in the last root and then we have tathabuna tathabuna yathabuna tathabuna okay that's for you version you female plural and then we have our duals now duals end with aani sound we saw the same thing when we did the muslim table back in book one and then we have these three identical and of course number two has the difference with the yeah so there are patterns there are the green ones highlighted on the screen that the

yellow ones i don't did on the screen and then we have the slightly and the plurals a feminine ones white and the other one with this red tint just to show you the differences between them inshallah and lastly which is the female and the version if you do it a couple of times like this inshallah you will be able to recognise them and then when we get to a few lessons inshallah you see why i've coloured the noon in different colours and this will reveal further

grammar and remove the complexity that arises in the mudara there is a quite a bit of detail uh in the mudara that you do need to be aware of before you start recognising them well inshallah so i'm going to deal with all the variations that you need to know the important stuff but i'm going to do it in a very simpler way or the way i find it simple anyway and inshallah please try to bear with me and follow and then this will help you repeat

and this knowledge and recognise it straight away rather than spending hours and hours learning arabic memorising lots of things and then forgetting and so on now you'll find your memorisation a lot lot easier so this grouping inshallah will look at a bit more detail but this is what i wanted to share with you in video one i hope this is inshallah a revision but this is a solid revision for you or what we done before easy way to conjugate al mudara on the screen i've shared

surah al fatiha i'm sure all of you know alhamdulillah is the most common surah that we all recite in order to demonstrate something for you inshallah hope this demonstration will encourage and motivate you that whatever we are learning in this course is of benefit and directly related to quran understanding the arabic of quran now here you will see this word now inshallah without much difficulty you should be able to tell me that this is a if you can't let me just give you the details so

we have now i hope you can see this looks like sorry that dot should be there let me delete that so and this one's with sukoon so the difference is the three root letters from the pattern remember so this is number 14 exactly the same all the difference is the root letter here is which means to worship from this root we get which means to worship okay yeah of course number 14 will be so this is where the scale comes from if you learned the nasara

pattern you should start to recognise it so what can we do from here once we recognise that this is a verb and it's a mudara and it is on the scale of which is the pattern that we've learned and practised with what can you do well you should be able to conjugate the rest of them going back backwards forward etc relatively easily long as you've learned the pattern earlier so let me demonstrate that for you inshallah how easy it is for us to conjugate once we've

learned the scale the verb we recognised in surah al fatiha was so if you know this one we should be able to conjugate remaining 13 relatively easily let me give that a red colour so at least you can see it so and the first one there's no difference except that begins with the here version no difference or two at all except that it begins with the now we have the anta version also the same we'll come back to aunt in a second i worship so you

can see how easy it is i know i can go backwards forwards up down on the scale now the plural is exactly the same we have then the ending at the end and then we have the feminine version of they female plural and remember the third root letter takes a sukoon and the third the last is the na at the end so first root letter sukoon second root and the third one sukoon and the fourth one of course is the addition at the end so and

of course the antunna version will be you should be able to say this before i write it inshallah so you can see we've done most of the scale very easily just going back and remember those few points that i mentioned earlier the duals are very very easy they're all instead of do here it becomes abudani and the other two are exactly the same you can just simply copy and paste for convenience here of course is the same except that it begins with yeah yeah okay and

i told you this one is slightly different with the yeah as the doer so we have now once you've done one you should be able to see how easy it is to conjugate all of them again some of the ones will be more commonly used in the language as it is so number one and number four will be the most common always because that's the way the language is structured and of course you're more likely to talk to three or more than you talk to dual

so these plurals will be the most important then of course we can have the singulars there coming abudu nabudu again these are the common ones but as long as you can recognise one scale you can go backwards forwards and conform all 14 so take your time practise inshallah if you can do this i'll give you one more example to show you how important this knowledge is and how much it will help you inshallah you can recognise what which surah this is surah al kafirun very famous

surah most of us have memorised it in there there are some nouns i'm sure you already know them because i did them uh in detail um kafir remember the muslim table and the plural of kafir is okay and the other plural is the nasa burjar version uh we re now i covered this in detail in book one series lesson number four please please make sure you've done this lesson before you're doing the verbs otherwise you're not going to be able to progress so make sure you

follow the playlist inshallah now and there's another noun here which is important for this surah and the other this surah is abidun this word is abidin i should abidun abidan abidin again following the muslim table okay so the plural of that is and of course it's so this is your plural for abid and of course you can make duals and all of these you can make the feminine very easily if you go back and done book one lesson number four so what is the reason i

sharing this with you you can see inshallah how useful this knowledge is again if you have this in the back of your mind inshallah you'll see how easy it is for you to now start looking at surahs of quran so this is one example of a surah with what little knowledge we have acquired so far let us see how much of it we can recognise how much of it we understand inshallah up to this lesson onwards just for your information the word kafir and abid are

also derived nouns from the root which is the same as this verbs that you see here this word is also derived from the same root we will learn noun derivation inshallah very very soon as soon as we have covered the verbs very very important lesson also and you'll see that inshallah as we progress so this is from what we've learned and today of course we are here and in book one we were here from lesson number four so let's quickly go through which parts of this

surah we can all recognise so i'm going to go through the surah relatively quickly just pointing out a few things inshallah in the future allah grant tawfiq i intend to do analysis of surahs of quran including starting with surah al-fatiha and at least covering the most of the common surahs that we recite just to show you whatever we've been learning in this course is practical enough course to give us a deeper understanding of the surahs of quran inshallah allah grant me tawfiq to complete that task

but that will be after i've completed these grammar lessons inshallah so let's quickly look at this surah in some detail i'm going to just highlight a few points for you so you can the first word is i'm sure you can recognise this as same as this plural of the word kafir it's got al in front it means the disbelievers say oh the disbelievers say oh the disbelievers so addressing the disbelievers say oh the disbelievers then we which means no is from here i worship i do

not worship that which is a relative pronoun here in this context so means that which i hope you can see which is exactly the same as this here okay i do not worship that which you all worship in the present tense this is present tense this is present tense inshallah i hope light bulbs are coming you're realising that we're learning things that are practical and no you all you know should recognise this inshallah which is the plural of abid which means worshipper worshippers so the translation

of this part will be nor are you all worshippers of that which i worship okay nor are you all worshippers of what i worship this one now you should be able to recognise that is the past tense okay what you have been worshipping so i am not a worshipper of what you have been worshipping what you are worshipping next ayah and no are you all worshippers okay which i worship now so no are you worshippers of what i worship now as in the present tense again

we've done this in book one for you all or belongs to you all deenukum done in book one in detail your deen to you your deen waliya and to me deeni okay to me my deen so to to you your deen meaning you all plural and to me my deen you go your way i go my way so this is the basic points of the surah alhamdulillah we can all recognise them based upon simple fact that we've done this so far of course there are so

much detail we can discover in the surah later on we've done when we've done a bit more grammar but this is the basic essential meaning so by that time you learned mudara and maadi and learned a bit of the noun that i've shared with you in series one alhamdulillah we are now in a position where we can understand portions of ayat of quran i'm not saying all of it but portions of ayat of quran and in book one i told you you'd be able to recognise

two three parts in every line now we're getting to three or four parts in every line of quran remember there are 9 000 lines in the quran and the standard must have 15 lines per page 600 page in the standard mushabh so it gives us about 9 000 lines so huge progress inshallah i hope this is helpful if it is do let me know in the comments inshallah i'll try to make more of these as much as i can i'm conscious of making the videos too

long and doing too many examples but when i start the other series allah grant me tawfiq then you'll be able to see that everything that you're learning is directly related to you and me better understanding the book of allah the quran using the imperfect tense verb al mudara in verbal sentences so the components of jumla fa'iliya we've done this before just to introduce them to you are of course the verb the doer and the object object not always necessary and you can have lots of other

things muta'alik now the fa'il is of three types and the file is of two and the ma'ful is also two now there are other types of ma'ful they are called ma'ful fihi ma'ful lahu ma'ful ma'ahu and ma'ful mutlaq we also have hal tamiz and mustasna which is exception etc we'll look at them later so and we have jar majroor dharf mudaf ilayhi this you should be already familiar with this one you're already familiar with the object and of course we've done the doer and the verb

in some detail with the ma'adi is exactly the same principle here so the first point is there are only three types of verbs either it is al ma'adi, al mudara or amr of course we've done the ma'adi in detail we're now doing the mudara or al mudara and we're going to do the amr later on inshallah three basic examples of sentences hamid went to the mosque past tense dahaba hamidun ilal masjid and yadhabu hamidun so yadhabu he goes present or future tense can be translated based

on context and idhab when i'm ordering somebody requesting somebody telling somebody idhab ilal masjidi or idhab ilal masjid go to the mosque so these are your three primary variations in the three types of verb that can begin the jumla fa'aliya and of course the other bits then can cling on or be part of the jumla fa'aliya so if we see look at this the as far as the verb is concerned there are three options when it comes to the doer which is al fa'il there are

also two types of doers one is that which we find inside the verb itself nasaru zaydan nasarat maryamu zaydan translation they helped say it so this is an internal doer one embedded within the verbs whenever we want to express the pronoun we use one of the 14 whichever one we need if we want to express an external doer by that i'm in a noun coming after it has to be marfor not necessarily directly after but it has to be within the verbal sentence it has to

be marfor there could be things in between so nasarat maryamu zaydan here we will not translate the female part here she we will say simply mariam helped said in english you cannot do this because in english always the doer always come or the subject always comes first so in arabic you can play around with order here she helped zayd if i didn't say mariam but because i put mariam there mariam helped zayd and the same thing with the modare yeah yansuruna they help zayd yansuruna zaydan

who's the doer wow what is it representing whom which is they exactly what we've done here so whenever we want to express some action done by a one of the 14 pronouns within the modare we will use whichever the 14 we need if we want to express an external doer we can only use number one on number four after which number one only for masculine number four for feminine and does not matter whether the doer is singular doer or plural i've been through this and this

is an area caused a lot of problem for people because they don't understand the difference between jumlah failya and jumlah ismiya first and that's what causes the confusion it's a very simple principle inshallah so tan suru mariamu zaydan mariam helps zayd so i will not say she mariam helps zayd because in english that would not make sense so in arabic mariam is coming is cancelling the internal doer and that is only with number one and number four be it madi or mudari please note that inshallah

ta'ala so that's the basic principle so again if you want to say any of the pronouns did the action or is doing the action in the present tense i will use whichever the 14 that i need and that's it end of story if i want to express the doer outside if it's masculine i will use number one and if it's feminine i will use number four i'm talking about the doer here and i'll put the ism coming after and it will be marfo and it could

be singular dual plural it could be definite or indefinite it's not relevant what's important is the gender to match now if we look at the object the object can be also two it can be a pronoun which is the object meaning i helped you so you're the object now it's a pronoun i helped zayd zayd becomes the object it's very simple principle same as in english so they again i mean the wow is the door simple they help zayd but if i say mariam helps them

the pronoun whom here is coming before the the doer and this is the order change that you can see here remember the order is verb doer object that's the standard but when you attach the pronoun what do you want to express the pronoun as the object you've got no option but to attach it to the verb okay this is very important it could be who whom whatever it is and i've showed you how to attach the pronouns to the maadi is exactly the same principle here

inshallah as far as the object is concerned so the object can be a noun it can also be a pronoun exactly the same as the maadi and that's what this chart is explaining to you inshallah so again you can see more example here this is the past tense this was the so again same thing okay she helped him she helped him so the rules that we learned with the maadi is exactly the same with the mudara it is only number one and number four that there

is a possibility of an external doer so let's quickly go through these examples there's nothing new here inshallah and if you made notes previously at least try to write the sentences down you don't have to do all the additional stuff i'm giving you it's only for your information to make things easy but please at least write the sentences down so we have so hamid heard or listened to the other verb and of course this verb has a hidden doer we cancel that because of and then

we have so hamid heard the other the second one i wanted to say was hamid i'm sorry mariam helped the students now mariam is feminine of course and therefore we gotta use sigha number four with the maadi and we have here again very simple principle and of course it has a hidden doer which is here but because mariam we're gonna cancel that doer in our translation so we have here which is the doer mariam helped mariam helped past tense external doer and is our direct object

which is of course is an ism not a pronoun so mariam helped students helped the students i should say so you can see here basic principle so when it comes to the modare it's exactly the same principle so here hamid hears the quran i'm sure you can recognise this is present tense mariam helps hamid and the first example i will say yes is the past tense is the present tense meaning he hears or he listens so hamid listens to the quran i could say or hamid

hears the quran hamid is my doer is the object so he can very simple is and of course it has a hidden doer which is but because of hamidon afterwards i will cross this off so i will translate as hamid hears rather than he hears and of course hamidun is my external doer al quran is the direct object what does he listen to or what what does he hear he hears the quran so direct object in principle exactly the same thing as we done before mariam

is our doer now and mariam of course is feminine so we're going to use number four number four is using the verb help here i just changed the verb for variation mariam feminine coming after hamidon is the object so we have our we have our here which is crossed off because of mariam and mariam of course is the doer and hamidon is the object that's basically the principle there is no difference what we've seen with the maadi so you can see here of course i can

translate this as listen listen to as well i think probably sounds better in english but the grammar sentence is what i'm trying to get to here inshallah again if you can't do all the drawings whatever but at least write the sentences down and this will help you remember the rules again with the mudare and the maadi exactly the same principle just for variation let's do a few more here we have the believers here the adhan again exactly the same principle so we will translate the believers

as the doer now okay it's the file and we will ignore the internal for the external being the direct object so you can see here inshallah with a different um door we've got the same principle i hope you can recognise this means two female believers help who mariam the two female believers help mariam okay help mariam so again we have our hidden door here of course it'll be cut off because of which is our dual uh external doer the dual form i meant to say and

mariam is the which is the direct object so it does not matter whether it's singular dual plural whatever it is definite indefinite all it matters is that if this is feminine this has to be feminine if this is masculine this has to be masculine if i want to express the pronoun i don't bother with any of this i just choose one of the 14 that i need without the external doer bit here inshallah with attached pronouns as the object again recalling what we did with the

maadi there are some very commonly used prefixes things that come before the verb like and then kana being a verb the others are being mainly particles that come in front of the maadi to alter its meaning i did this under the lesson called modifying al maadi exactly the same thing you see here the verbs any of the 14 and then this is the most important the attached pronoun as suffix suffix and i explained this earlier so all the attached pronouns will come or depending of course

what you want to say as suffix so here we have which is the attached pronoun here meaning you all which is the prefix we made you come you all again this is from of course from the quran so and we made you brackets all meaning plural plural version so this is basic principle exactly the same thing happens with the modare but there are differences in the some of the prefix that come we will deal with them in the coming two lessons inshallah but for now we're

going to look at the attached pronouns with the modare very very briefly to show you it's exactly the same so we have here yes alunaka the verb here is the root of the root is seen that's the first root second root is the hamza the third is the lamb so the maadi verb in the past tense is sa mean he asked yes alu without the wow yes alu is who our version who are yes alu he asks yes aluna they ask ka is you okay they

ask you and it's very commonly used in the quran i've given you some references here yes alunaka they ask you so exactly the same thing as we've seen earlier we'll ignore this for now we'll look at them later the verb and then the suffix suffix is the attached pronoun always always coming as my fallen be object so whenever used to express the object as a pronoun it will be an attached pronoun coming as the object this is the standard way of doing it in arabic so

if the object is you i he she they a single adult whichever version of the 14 that they are there they will always have to have it as an attached pronoun this is a normal standard way of the jumlah fail here so the principle is very similar you can use the pronouns with any of these in principle i hope this is very simple inshallah we don't need to go through examples but you will see them in the quran being used with any of these with any

of the attached pronouns that i showed you earlier of course with the ya mutakallim you'll have the noon coming in exactly the same as we've seen with the maadi and whom version and conversion will lead to some changes because they end with sukoon depends on what follows them afterwards if you remember those principles inshallah you should start recognise them and through practical examples we'll deal with the variations otherwise the lesson here will be way too long so quickly look at some examples inshallah they must employ

help her okay i hope you can see that again there is no attached pronoun here sorry so this one's got the object as a pronoun this one's got the object as a noun i hope this is easy inshallah i hope you can see that inshallah whom is the object so zainab helps them okay he hits him and who is the or object okay this is your object him then he strikes or hits them whom is your object now is my doer because it's coming after and

it's in rafa and whom is the object i hope these examples inshallah highlight the very basic principles of what we've been learning so far in terms of the formation of jumla fa'alia with a pronoun as the object that's it for lesson number six inshallah in lesson number seven i'm going to look at how the mudare is modified in its meaning by adding prefixes to it and that will bring us in line what we've learned with the mudare and that there is something very special about the

mudare in the sense that they also have irab and that is called the moods of mudare which we will follow in the next lesson coming after that so i hope and pray inshallah that you are now familiar with the perfect imperfect tense you're also revising a little bit of the jumla fa'alia and you've seen that there is no change when we add the change the verb from the madhi to the mudare and of course we looked at some examples of the of the um as pronoun

attached to the mudare i hope and pray inshallah these lessons are of benefit if there's things you think i should have added please give me feedback and i will try to incorporate but i have a list of things which i've noted down that you must learn and i'm putting them in some sort of order so that the learning becomes natural and you can see progress inshallah again thank you all very much for your duas and your support and your amazing comments that you're giving me on

the videos may allah bless you some of you are benefiting greatly from these videos and some of you saying that you've been studying arabic for a long time but these videos are really really helping some of you absolutely new here and you've been motivated to learn arabic whichever way all praise and thanks belongs to allah azza wa jal and we ask allah azza wa jal to forgive our mistakes and also to reward us for all every single second every single effort we make towards understanding the

quran may allah subhanallah bless us all unite our hearts together may allah subhanallah allow us all to work together for the benefit of others please like share and subscribe with others and again do continue to give us your feedback and your support and more importantly your duas