Grammar term · Sarf · morphology
مُشْتَقّ
mushtaqq
Derived
Sarf · morphologyDerivation statuscore term8,196+ in the Qur'an
In one line
The derived noun: cut from a root to name a thing through its attribute — كَاتِب is 'a doer of writing'.
Classical definition
المُشْتَقُّ مَا أُخِذَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ وَدَلَّ عَلَى ذَاتٍ مَعَ صِفَةٍ، كَاسْمِ الفَاعِلِ وَالمَفْعُولِ.
“The mushtaqq is what is taken from something else and indicates an entity together with an attribute, like the ism fa'il and the ism maf'ul.”
(بتصرف من شذا العرف)
Key words in the Arabic
أُخِذَ مِنْ غَيْرِهِtaken from another word
ذَات مَعَ صِفَةٍan entity plus an attribute
Understand it
The pin's phrase ذَات مَعَ صِفَة is the essence: كَاتِب does not just point at a man, it points at him through his writing. The classical family has seven chief members — ism fa'il, sighat mubalagha, ism maf'ul, sifa mushabbaha, ism tafdil, and the nouns of time/place and of instrument — each with its own entry and pattern. Between them they generate a vast share of the Qur'an's vocabulary from a few thousand roots.
How to spot it
Recognition test
A noun matching a derivation pattern with a live verbal root inside: name the pattern and you have named the relationship — doer, receiver, intensive doer, fixed quality, superlative, place, tool.
In the Qur'an
إِنَّ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَٱلْمُسْلِمَٰتِ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ
Al-Ahzab 33:35 — “Indeed, the Muslim men and Muslim women, the believing men and believing women”
Four mushtaqq participles in a row — each names a person through the attribute of their verb (أَسْلَمَ، آمَنَ).
Related terms